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Pressure swing adsorption/membrane hybrid processes for hydrogen purification with a high recovery

Baojun Li,Gaohong He,Xiaobin Jiang,Yan Dai,Xuehua Ruan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 255-264 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1567-1

摘要： Hydrogen was recovered and purified from coal gasification-produced syngas using two kinds of hybrid processes: a pressure swing adsorption (PSA)-membrane system (a PSA unit followed by a membrane separation unit) and a membrane-PSA system (a membrane separation unit followed by a PSA unit). The PSA operational parameters were adjusted to control the product purity and the membrane operational parameters were adjusted to control the hydrogen recovery so that both a pure hydrogen product (>99.9%) and a high recovery (>90%) were obtained simultaneously. The hybrid hydrogen purification processes were simulated using HYSYS and the processes were evaluated in terms of hydrogen product purity and hydrogen recovery. For comparison, a PSA process and a membrane separation process were also used individually for hydrogen purification. Neither process alone produced high purity hydrogen with a high recovery. The PSA-membrane hybrid process produced hydrogen that was 99.98% pure with a recovery of 91.71%, whereas the membrane-PSA hybrid process produced hydrogen that was 99.99% pure with a recovery of 91.71%. The PSA-membrane hybrid process achieved higher total H recoveries than the membrane-PSA hybrid process under the same H recovery of membrane separation unit. Meanwhile, the membrane-PSA hybrid process achieved a higher total H recovery (97.06%) than PSA-membrane hybrid process (94.35%) at the same H concentration of PSA feed gas (62.57%).

关键词： hydrogen purification PSA membrane separation hybrid process

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Bioenergy recovery from landfill gas: A case study in China

Wei WANG, Yuxiang LUO, Zhou DENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0012-9

摘要： Landfill gas (LFG) utilization which means a synergy between environmental protection and bioenergy recovery was investigated in this study. Pressure swing adsorption technology was used in LFG purification, and laboratory experiment, pilot-scale test, and on-site demonstration were carried out in Shenzhen, China. In the laboratory experiment, A-type carbon molecular sieve was selected as the adsorbent by comparison of several other adsorbents. The optimal adsorption pressure and adsorption time were 0.25 MPa and 2 min, respectively, under which the product generation rate was 4.5 m /h and the methane concentration was above 90%. The process and optimization of the pilot-scale test were also reported in the paper. The product gas was of high quality compared with the National Standard of Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel (GB18047-2000), when the air concentration in feed gas was under 10.96%. The demonstration project was composed of a collection system, production system, and utilization system. The drive performance, environmental protection performance, and economic feasibility of the product gas – as alternative fuel in passenger car, truck, and bulldozer – were tested, showing the feasibility technology for LFG utilization.

关键词： landfill gas (LFG) compressed purified landfill gas (CPLG) pressure swing adsorption (PSA) alternative vehicle fuel demonstration project

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活塞驱动变压吸附反应器的模型化

胡鸣,周兴贵,顾峥,袁渭康

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第12期页码 52-57

摘要：

建立了活塞驱动的快速变压吸附反应器模型，根据气缸与床层相通时压力、浓度和流率的连续性要求，提出了模型的边界条件。以2A↔B+C为反应体系，其中C为易吸附组分，A、B为不吸附组分，利用动态模拟软件gPROMS模拟考察了反应器长度、周期长度、活塞运动速率、产品收集速率和基础压力对反应性能和分离性能的影响。

关键词：变压吸附反应器变压吸附多功能反应器动态模拟

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Integrated adsorption and absorption process for post-combustion CO

Gongkui Xiao, Penny Xiao, Andrew Hoadley, Paul Webley

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 483-492 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1964-3

摘要： This study explored the feasibility of integrating an adsorption and solvent scrubbing process for post-combustion CO capture from a coal-fired power plant. This integrated process has two stages: the first is a vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process using activated carbon as the adsorbent, and the second stage is a solvent scrubber/stripper system using monoethanolamine (30 wt-%) as the solvent. The results showed that the adsorption process could enrich CO in the flue gas from 12 to 50 mol-% with a CO recovery of >90%, and the concentrated CO stream fed to the solvent scrubber had a significantly lower volumetric flowrate. The increased CO concentration and reduced feed flow to the absorption section resulted in significant reduction in the diameter of the solvent absorber, bringing the size of the absorber from uneconomically large to readily achievable domain. In addition, the VSA process could also remove most of the oxygen initially existed in the feed gas, alleviating the downstream corrosion and degradation problems in the absorption section. The findings in this work will reduce the technical risks associated with the state-of-the art solvent absorption technology for CO capture and thus accelerate the deployment of such technologies to reduce carbon emissions.

关键词： vacuum swing adsorption monoethanolamine post-combustion CO₂ capture integrated process

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Structural optimal design of a swing vane compressor

Junjie MA,Xiang CHEN,Zongchang QU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 764-769 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0449-z

摘要： In this paper, a novel swing vane rotary compressor (SVC) was introduced, which had significant advantages—simple mechanism, reduced frictional loss, reliable operation, and a comparatively higher compression ratio. Based on the swing vane compressor geometry model, thermodynamic model and kinetic model, the mathematical model of optimum design was established, and further theoretical and experimental studies were conducted. The length of the cylinder, radius of the rotor and cylinder were defined as design variables and the reciprocal of EER as objective function. The complex optimization method was adopted to study the structure of the swing vane compressor. The theoretical model could provide an effective method for predicting compressor performance, which would also contribute to structural optimization of the SVC. The study shows that the friction loss of the compressor are greatly reduced by optimized design in a given initial value, and the EER increased by 8.55%.

关键词： swing vane compressor simulation optimization design

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PSS sorbents for removing trace hydrogen sulfide in methane

Limei ZHONG, Li ZHOU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 339-342 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0569-7

摘要： Sorbents of the pressure swing sorption process (PSS) to remove trace amount of H S (190 ppm) contained in methane were experimentally studied. The sorbents consist of adsorbent carrier (silica gel or activated carbon) and absorbent which spreads outside the carrier granules’ pores (triethanolamine, TEA or -methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP). The results of breakthrough and regeneration tests show that silica gel is more suitable to be the carrier than activated carbon and TEA is more suitable to be the absorbent than NMP. The loaded absorbent could enlarge the sorption capacity of H S considerably. And the BET tests indicate that the absorbent deposits on the surface of the carrier’s pores and can reduce the mesopores’ size and block the micropores.

关键词： pressure swing sorption H₂S methane carrier absorbent

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纳米多孔储气材料的物理吸附特性研究进展 Review

Katie A. Cychosz,Matthias Thommes

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 559-566 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.06.001

摘要：

评估纳米多孔材料的吸附性能并确定它们的结构表征，对于将这类材料用于包括气体储存在内的许多应用至关重要。气体吸附法可用于此表征，因为它可以评估从微孔到中孔的各种孔径。在过去的20 年中，关于有序纳米多孔材料中流体的吸附和相行为的知识以及基于统计力学的最先进的方法的创新和发展，如分子模拟和密度泛函理论，都取得了重大进展。再结合高分辨率的亚临界和超临界流体吸附实验程序，使物理吸附结构表征取得了显著进步。笔者不仅讨论了流体在具有明确孔隙结构的各种纳米多孔材料中基础吸附机理的一些重要和中心特征，还讨论了这些特征对促进物理吸附表征和储存气体应用的重要性。

关键词：吸附表征高压吸附纳米多孔材料

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Modeling of coal swelling induced by water vapor adsorption

Zhejun PAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 94-103 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1172-2

摘要： Gas adsorption-induced coal swelling is a well-know phenomenon. Coal swelling or shrinkage by adsorption or desorption of water vapor has not been well understood but has significant implications on gas drainage process for underground coal mining and for primary and enhanced coalbed methane production. Decreased matrix moisture content leads to coal shrinkage and thus the change of cleat porosity and permeability under reservoir conditions. Unlike gas adsorption in coal which usually forms a single layer of adsorbed molecules, water vapor adsorption in the coal micropores forms multilayer of adsorbed molecules. In this work, a model has been developed to describe the coal swelling strain with respect to the amount of moisture intake by the coal matrix. The model extended an energy balance approach for gas adsorption-induced coal swelling to water vapor adsorption-induced coal swelling, assuming that only the first layer of adsorbed molecules of the multilayer adsorption changes the surface energy, which thus causes coal to swell. The model is applied to describe the experimental swelling strain data measured on an Australian coal. The results show good agreement between the model and the experimental data.

关键词： multilayer adsorption vapour pressure coal shrinkage relative humidity permeability

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混合动力挖掘机电动回转系统通信错误状态下的分布式容错策略 Article

Da-hui GAO, Qing-feng WANG, Yong LEI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第7期页码 941-954 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601021

摘要：基于自适应的延时与丢帧补偿，提出了一种分布式容错策略，用以确保基于CAN （controller area network）总线的混合动力挖掘机电动回转系统在通信出错时获得良好的运行性能。通过采用一种分别在中央控制器和电机驱动器上对反馈信号和控制信号进行补偿的全新延时补偿方法，可以在不增加通信带宽的情况下大大降低通信错误的不利影响。采用了带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法对由姿态变化引起的时变模型参数进行辨识，并通过在连续丢帧情况下的反馈补偿中引入反向修正率来消除模型误差的不利影响。仿真和实验结果表明提出的容错策略可以有效第减小通信错误引起的系统超调和响应时间变化。

关键词：容错；延时补偿；CAN总线；通信错误；混合动力挖掘机电动回转系统

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Detection and monitoring prostate specific antigen using nanotechnology approaches to biosensing

Grant Perry, Fernando Cortezon-Tamarit, Sofia I. Pascu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 4-18 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1846-8

摘要： Prostate cancer has a high incidence in men and remains the second cause of mortality due to cancer. As the development of the disease is greatly correlated to age, the identification of novel detection methods reliable, efficient, and cost effective is a matter of significant importance in the ageing population of western societies. The detection of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood samples has been the preferred method for the detection and monitoring of prostate cancer over the past decades. Despite the indications against its use in massive population screening, PSA still remains the best studied biomarker for prostate cancer and the detection of its different forms and incorporation in multiplexed designs with other biomarkers still remains a highly valuable indicator in the theranostics of prostate cancer. The latest developments in the use of nanomaterials towards the construction of PSA biosensors are reviewed hereby. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles and graphene nanostructures to biosensing devices has represented a big leap forward in terms of sensitivity, stability and miniaturization. Both electrochemical and optical detection methods will be reviewed herein for the detection of PSA.

关键词： biosensing immunosensor PSA prostate cancer fluorescence

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Contributions of adsorption, bioreduction and desorption to uranium immobilization by extracellular polymeric

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1707-z

摘要：

● EPS immobilizes U(VI) via adsorption, bioreduction and desorption.

关键词： Adsorption Bioreduction Desorption Kinetics Isotherm Uranium

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Polypropylene microplastics alter the cadmium adsorption capacity on different soil solid fractions

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 3-3 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1437-z

摘要：

Microplastics (MPs) are widely present in a variety of environmental media and have attracted more and more attention worldwide. However, the effect of MPs on the interaction between heavy metals and soil, especially in soil solid fraction level, is not well understood. In this study, batch experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption characteristics of Cd in bulk soil and three soil solid fractions (i.e. particulate organo matter (POM), organic-mineral compounds (OMC), and mineral) with or without polypropylene (PP) MPs.

关键词： Polypropylene microplastics Cadmium Adsorption POM OMC Mineral

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Cesium removal from radioactive wastewater by adsorption and membrane technology

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1798-1

摘要：

● Removal of cesium from radioactive wastewater is still a challenging.

关键词： Cesium Adsorption Membrane separation Advanced liquid processing system Fukushima nuclear accident

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Deviation correction strategy for the earth pressure balance shield based on shield–soil interactions

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0676-4

摘要： The control system presently used in shield posture rectification is based on driver experience, which is marginally reliable. The study of the related theory is flawed. Therefore, a decision-making approach for the deviation correction trajectory and posture rectification load for an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield is proposed. A calculation model of posture rectification load of an EPB shield is developed by considering the interactions among the cutter head, shield shell, and ground. The additional position change during the shield attitude correction is highlighted. The posture rectification loads and shield behaviors results can be solved by the proposed method. The influences of the stratum distribution (i.e., bedrock height in the upper-soft and lower-hard strata) on shield behaviors and posture rectification loads are analyzed. Results indicated that the increase of pitch angle in the upper-soft and lower-hard strata causes a sharp rise in vertical displacement. The bedrock height increases the magnitudes of the required posture rectification moments when h_r/D > 0.5. For a tunnel with h_r/D ≤ 0.5, the variation of h_r/D has little effect on the posture rectification moments. Finally, the posture rectifying curves based on the theoretical model are compared with the target ones based on the double circular arc interpolation method. The required results can be obtained regardless of the soil–rock compound stratum distribution. The maximum rectification moment in the rock layer is almost 12.6 times that in the soil layer. Overall, this study provides a valuable reference for moment determination and the trajectory prediction of posture rectification in compound strata.

关键词： additional position change deviation correction trajectory earth pressure balance shield mechanical model posture rectification